 {"id":2849,"date":"2020-10-23T03:12:29","date_gmt":"2020-10-23T03:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/54.255.27.20\/?page_id=2849"},"modified":"2020-12-04T09:29:49","modified_gmt":"2020-12-04T09:29:49","slug":"%e5%90%b3%e5%a5%b3%e5%a3%ab","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e5%90%b3%e5%a5%b3%e5%a3%ab\/?lang=zh-hant","title":{"rendered":"\u5433\u5973\u58eb"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2849\" class=\"elementor elementor-2849 elementor-2796\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-253621b header-banner elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"253621b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-daab02a\" data-id=\"daab02a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7d9307 banner-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7d9307\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>\u8cfd\u99ac\u6703\u5b89\u5be7\u980c<br \/>\u5b89\u5be7\u670d\u52d9\u57f9\u8a13\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u8a08\u5283<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a62b09 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a62b09\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8bf66bd\" data-id=\"8bf66bd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f32c87e quick-links elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-nav_menu\" data-id=\"f32c87e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-nav_menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"menu-second-menu-container\"><ul id=\"menu-second-menu\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-126\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/\">Home<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-6666\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6666\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/academic-output\/\">Academic Output<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-6671\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6671\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/\">Capacity Building Programme<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6758\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6758\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/\">Training for Doctors<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6870\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6870\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/interactive-workshops\/\">Interactive Workshops<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6868\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6868\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/seminars-and-lectures\/\">Seminars and Lectures<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6867\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6867\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/symposia\/\">Symposia<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6869\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6869\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/online-training\/\">Online Training<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6873\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6873\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/death-audits\/\">Death Audits<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6871\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6871\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/evaluation-quantitative\/\">Evaluation (Quantitative)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6872\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6872\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/evaluation-qualitative\/\">Evaluation (Qualitative)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-8279\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8279\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-doctors\/webinar\/\">Webinar<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6757\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6757\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-nurses\/\">Training for Nurses<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6862\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6862\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-nurses\/train-the-trainer-series\/\">Train-the-trainer Series<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6864\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6864\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-nurses\/interactive-workshops\/\">Interactive Workshops<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6863\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6863\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-nurses\/online-training\/\">Online Training<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6865\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6865\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-nurses\/evaluation-quantitative\/\">Evaluation (Quantitative)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6866\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6866\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-nurses\/evaluation-qualitative\/\">Evaluation (Qualitative)<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6756\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6756\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-allied-health-professionals\/\">Training for Allied Health Professionals<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6859\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6859\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-allied-health-professionals\/experiential-learning-activities\/\">Experiential Learning Activities<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6858\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6858\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-allied-health-professionals\/talks-and-information-sessions\/\">Talks and Information Sessions<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6860\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6860\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-allied-health-professionals\/evaluation-quantitative\/\">Evaluation (Quantitative)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6861\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6861\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/capacity-building-programme\/training-for-allied-health-professionals\/evaluation-qualitative\/\">Evaluation (Qualitative)<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-6679\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6679\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/public-education\/\">Public Education<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6771\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6771\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/public-education\/interactive-workshops\/\">Interactive Workshops<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6791\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6791\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/public-education\/advance-care-planning-workshops\/\">Advance Care Planning Workshops<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6790\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6790\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/public-education\/talks-and-information-sessions\/\">Talks and Information Sessions<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6789\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6789\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/public-education\/roving-exhibitions\/\">Roving Exhibitions<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6788\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6788\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/public-education\/evaluation-quantitative\/\">Evaluation (Quantitative)<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6787\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6787\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/public-education\/evaluation-qualitative\/\">Evaluation (Qualitative)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-313\" class=\"hide menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-313\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/?page_id=228\">Activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-6689\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6689\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/resources\/\">Resources<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-7193\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-7193\"><a href=\"#\">For Healthcare Professionals<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6762\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6762\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/resources\/for-healthcare-professionals-videos\/\">Videos<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6761\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6761\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/resources\/for-healthcare-professionals-leaflet\/\">Leaflet<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-7194\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-7194\"><a href=\"#\">For General Public<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6759\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6759\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/resources\/for-general-public-videos\/\">Videos<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-6760\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6760\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/resources\/for-general-public-leaflet\/\">Leaflet<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-699\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-699\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/ethics-casebook\/\">Ethics Casebook<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-1411\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1411\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/dying-matters-awareness-event\/\">Dying Matters Awareness Event<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-1311\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1311\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/useful-materials\/\">Useful Materials<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f98eb3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4f98eb3\" data-element_type=\"section\" id=\"Ethics\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9ad409e col-intro\" data-id=\"9ad409e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cb1c9d elementor-align-justify btn1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3cb1c9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/end-of-life-care\/ethics-casebook\/?lang=zh-hant\/#Ethics\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u7c21\u4ecb<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7cc409b\" data-id=\"7cc409b\" data-element_type=\"column\" id=\"col-intro2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f8aaa9 elementor-align-justify btn2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"0f8aaa9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/end-of-life-care\/%e9%86%ab%e5%ad%b8%e5%80%ab%e7%90%86%e5%80%8b%e6%a1%88%e9%9b%86-%e5%80%8b%e6%a1%88\/?lang=zh-hant\/#Ethics\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u500b\u6848<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6c78fc3\" data-id=\"6c78fc3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-404fc44 elementor-align-justify btn3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"404fc44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/end-of-life-care\/%e9%86%ab%e5%ad%b8%e5%80%ab%e7%90%86%e5%80%8b%e6%a1%88%e9%9b%86-%e8%83%8c%e6%99%af%e8%b3%87%e6%96%99\/?lang=zh-hant\/#Ethics\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u80cc\u666f\u8cc7\u6599<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d93c4fe\" data-id=\"d93c4fe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0b244f elementor-align-justify btn4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"e0b244f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/end-of-life-care\/%e9%86%ab%e5%ad%b8%e5%80%ab%e7%90%86%e5%80%8b%e6%a1%88%e9%9b%86-%e6%8c%89%e4%b8%bb%e9%a1%8c%e7%80%8f%e8%a6%bd\/?lang=zh-hant\/#Ethics\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u4e3b\u984c<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2512e70 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2512e70\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-558ec79\" data-id=\"558ec79\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41de086 msng-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41de086\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\">\u500b\u6848\uff1a\u5433\u5973\u58eb<\/h3><h3 style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\">\u9078\u4e2d\u91ab\u4e0d\u9078\u897f\u91ab<\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3910703 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3910703\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0bc2cca msng-tab\" data-id=\"0bc2cca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae033b3 msng-tab-themes-zht elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"ae033b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1821\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1821\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\u500b\u6848\u60c5\u6cc1<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1822\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1822\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\u8a55\u8ad6<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1821\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\u500b\u6848\u60c5\u6cc1<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1821\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1821\" tabindex=\"0\" 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style=\"font-family: 'PingFang TC', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Microsoft YaHei New', 'STHeiti Light', sans-serif; font-size: inherit;\"><ul class=\"lcp_catlist\" id=\"lcp_instance_0\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e4%b8%ad%e9%86%ab\/?lang=zh-hant\">\u4e2d\u91ab<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e7%97%85%e4%ba%ba%e8%87%aa%e6%b1%ba\/?lang=zh-hant\">\u75c5\u4eba\u81ea\u6c7a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7%e5%9b%b0%e6%93%be\/?lang=zh-hant\">\u9053\u5fb7\u56f0\u64fe<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e5%ae%b6%e5%ba%ad%e7%9f%9b%e7%9b%be\/?lang=zh-hant\">\u5bb6\u5ead\u77db\u76fe<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e6%b1%ba%e7%ad%96%e8%83%bd%e5%8a%9b\/?lang=zh-hant\">\u6c7a\u7b56\u80fd\u529b<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e7%bf%92%e4%bf%97\/?lang=zh-hant\">\u6587\u5316\u7fd2\u4fd7<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e7%99%8c%e7%97%87\/?lang=zh-hant\">\u764c\u75c7<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/%e8%a1%8c%e5%96%84\/?lang=zh-hant\">\u884c\u5584<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1822\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\u8a55\u8ad6<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1822\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1822\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><p>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7e3d\u76e3\u5340\u7d50\u6210\u91ab\u751f\u64b0\u5beb<\/p><p>\u5177\u5099\u7cbe\u795e\u884c\u70ba\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u75c5\u4eba\u6709\u6b0a\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u7531\u62d2\u7d55\u63a5\u53d7\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u660e\u793a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u53c8\u5373\u4f7f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u5c0a\u91cd\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u4e3b\u662f\u80cc\u5f8c\u502b\u7406\u539f\u5247\u3002\u5728Beauchamp &amp; Childress\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56db\u5927\u502b\u7406\u539f\u5247\u4e2d\uff0c\u502b\u6566\u5e1d\u570b\u5b78\u9662\u91ab\u5b78\u502b\u7406\u69ae\u8b7d\u6559\u6388Raanan Gillon \u5728\u5f37\u8abf\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u6642\uff0c\u5c07\u4e4b\u63cf\u8ff0\u300c\u5115\u8f29\u4e4b\u9996\u300d(\u5373\u662f\u6700\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u5247)\u30021 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\/><\/span>\u5c0d\u65bc\u5433\u5973\u58eb\u62d2\u7d55\u5faa\u8b49\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e3b\u8a3a\u91ab\u751f\u548c\u5433\u5973\u58eb\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u5c24\u611f\u96e3\u53d7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u89ba\u5f97\u82e6\u60f1\u6182\u616e\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4e2d\u91ab\u85e5\u662f\u4e45\u7d93\u5be6\u8e10\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5433\u5973\u58eb\u7684\u500b\u6848\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u537b\u4e0d\u5f97\u800c\u77e5\u3002\u5927\u9ad4\u4e0a\u4e2d\u91ab\u7684\u5c0d\u7167\u7814\u7a76\u8b49\u64da\u78ba\u5be6\u6bd4\u897f\u91ab\u5c11\u5f97\u591a; \u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u8aee\u8a62\u4e00\u4e0b\u8cc7\u6df1\u7684\u4e2d\u91ab\u5e2b\uff0c\u6216\u67e5\u8003\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u6703\u662f\u9069\u5207\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u897f\u91ab\uff0c\u82e5\u80fd\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e2d\u91ab\u85e5\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9593\u63a5\u5730\u5c0a\u91cd\u75c5\u4eba\u5c0d\u4e2d\u91ab\u7684\u53d6\u5411\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\uff0f\u5979\u5411\u75c5\u4eba\u8faf\u8b49\u548c\u6e38\u8aaa\u6240\u63a8\u85a6\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\u6bd4\u4e2d\u85e5\u5c0d\u6cbb\u7642\u60e1\u6027\u6dcb\u5df4\u7624\u529f\u6548\u512a\u52dd\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u66f4\u5177\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u3002<\/li><li>\u5152\u5b50\u548c\u59b9\u59b9\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u898b\uff1a<br \/>\u5c0d\u65bc\u662f\u5426\u5c0a\u91cd\u5433\u5973\u58eb\u62d2\u7d55\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u5152\u5b50\u8457\u773c\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u60f3\u932f\u5931\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u76ca\u8655\uff08\u300c\u5584\u884c\u539f\u5247\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u59b9\u59b9\u5247\u50be\u5411\u5c0a\u91cd\u5433\u5973\u58eb\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u3002\u5f9e\u54f2\u5b78\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4eba\u540c\u610f\u5c0a\u91cd\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u78ba\u5be6\u70ba\u300c\u5115\u8f29\u4e4b\u9996\u300d(\u5373\u502b\u7406\u539f\u5247\u4e2d\u6700\u70ba\u91cd\u8981)\uff0c\u5247\u5176\u662f\u5426\u61c9\u652f\u6301\u59b9\u59b9\u800c\u53cd\u5c0d\u5152\u5b50\uff1f\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e26\u975e\u8655\u7406\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u54e1\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u5408\u7684\u597d\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff1b\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u52a0\u5287\u885d\u7a81\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u82e5\u80fd\u80af\u5b9a\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u662f\u672c\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u70ba\u75c5\u4eba\u6700\u6709\u5229\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u70ba\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u5c0d\u60c5\u6cc1\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u5433\u5973\u58eb\u53ca\u5bb6\u4eba\u63a2\u8a0e\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5148\u5728\u67d0\u671f\u9650\u5167\u8a66\u7528\u4e2d\u91ab\u6cbb\u7642; \u5982\u679c\u75c5\u60c5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u6cc1\u5141\u8a31\uff0c\u5c31\u518d\u8f49\u70ba\u897f\u91ab\u6cbb\u7642\u3002<\/li><\/ol><p>Reference<\/p><ol><li>Gillon, Ranaan. Ethics Needs Principles-Four Can Encompass the Rest-and Respect for Autonomy Should be \u201cFirst Among Equals\u201d, Journal of Medical Ethics 29:307-312,2003.<\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8cfd\u99ac\u6703\u5b89\u5be7\u980c\u5b89\u5be7\u670d\u52d9\u57f9\u8a13\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u8a08\u5283 \u7c21\u4ecb \u500b\u6848 \u80cc\u666f\u8cc7\u6599 \u4e3b\u984c \u500b\u6848\uff1a\u5433\u5973\u58eb \u9078\u4e2d\u91ab\u4e0d\u9078\u897f\u91ab \u500b\u6848\u60c5\u6cc1 \u8a55\u8ad6 \u500b\u6848\u60c5\u6cc1 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\u5982\u679c\u75c5\u60c5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u6cc1\u5141\u8a31\uff0c\u5c31\u518d\u8f49\u70ba\u897f\u91ab\u6cbb\u7642\u3002 Reference Gillon, Ranaan. Ethics Needs Principles-Four Can Encompass the Rest-and Respect for Autonomy [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-2849","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u5433\u5973\u58eb - IOA EOL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ioa.cuhk.edu.hk.w26.ysdhost.com\/end-of-life-care\/msng\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5433\u5973\u58eb - IOA EOL\" \/>\n<meta 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